kf~rfog b]jnsf] kl/ro / To;sf] Joj:yfkg

kf+~rfog dlGb/ >L # dxf/fh h+uaxfb'/ s'j/ /f0ffaf6 lj=;=!()) b]lv !(!! sf] cjlwdf :yfkgf ul/Psf] s'/f P]ltxfl;s k|df0fx?af6 k'li6x'g cfpF5 . dlGb/sf] rf]ssf]] k'jL{ a/08fdf /x]sf] lznfn]v ptf{g xfdL ;kmn ePsf 5f}+ . ;f] lznfn]v ;+:s[t efiffdf n]lvPsf]df To;sf] g]kfnL cg'jfb sljtf z}nLdf u/L lbg' ePsf]df kf~rfog kl/jf/ s'nu'? >L dlxGb|gfy clwsf/L k|lt cfef/L 5f}+ . pQm cg'jfb cg';'rL ! df ;+nUg 5 .

afudtL 3f6df cjl:yt kf~rfog b]jnsf] d'n 9f]sfsf] afofF tkm{ leQfdf ljzfn lznfkq hl8Psf] 5 . of] clen]v >L # dxf/fh h'4 zDz]/af6 s'FbfOPsf] eGg] :ki6 pNn]v gePtf klg clen]vsf] Joxf]/faf6 pxfFaf6} of] P]ltxfl;s sfo{ ul/Psf] xf] eGg] b]lvG5 . lh1f;'kf7sx?sf] hfgsf/Lsf nflu ;f] clen]v cg';'rL @ sf] ?kdf ;+nUg 5 . pQm clen]vdf s'j/ /f0ffx?sf] k"vf{ /fdl;+, u0f]zl;+, clhtl;+, tLg efO{ g]kfnsf] pQ/v08 kxf8 tkm{ cfPsf eGg] s'/f pNn]v ub}{ pxfFx?sf] ;Gtltx?af6 >L # dxf/fh h'4 zDz]/sf] kfnf;Dd :yflkt ePsf s[ltdfgx?sf] 5f]6s/L ljj/0f lbOPsf] 5 .

z+vd"nb]lv 6]s' bf]efg;Ddsf] afudlt gbLnfO{ kljq u+uf dflgg] x'Fbf yfkfynL 3f6df kf~rfog dlGb/ lgdf{0f u/L To; leq u0f]z, s'nb]jL, eLdz]g, Oi6b]jL, eujtL,e}/j, ;"o{, /fwfs[i0f, lzj,x'gdfg, g/l;+xsf] d'lt{ :yfkgf ul/of] . oL dWo] u0f]z, b]jL, ;"o{, lji0f' / lzj k|d'v kf~rfog b]jtf ePsf] x'Fbf o; kl/jf/nfO{ kf~rfog gfdfs/0f ul/of] . oL d'lt{x? cltl/Qm pQ/ leQfdf e}/jsf] tyf k"j{ leQfdf sfdb]j / ;/:jtL d'lt{x? sfnfGt/df k|lt:yflkt ePsf 5g\ . k'gZr,s'nb]jLsf] rf/}tL/ ci6lbª\ dflqsfsf] k'hfsf nflu vf]kf lgld{t 5g\ .

s'j/ /f0ffx?sf] s'n b]jtf ef/tsf ljGWofrn lgjf;L dxfsfnL ePsfn] ljlwjt\ sf7df8f}+ NofO kf~rfog b]jndf :yfkgf ul/Psf] xf] . afnflqk'/f;'Gb/LnfO{ Oi6b]jL dflgG5 . afnf / lqk'/f cnu cnu b]jLx'g\ . eujfg lzjgLsf] cg'u|xaf6 oL b]jLx?sf] gfdsf] k5f8L ;'Gb/L ljz]if0f ylkg uO{ afnflqk'/f;'Gb/L sxlng uPsf] u|Gydf pNn]v 5 . ;Dejt\ M sf7df8f}+ kf~rfog b]jndf dfq afnflqk'/f;'Gb/Lsf] oGq k|lt:yflkt 5 . cGoq afnf jf lqk'/f gfdsL eujtLsf] d'lt{dfq :yflkt 5g\ .

>L s'nb]jLsf] dlGb/sf] 7Ls ;fd'Gg] k'hfrf]ssf] kfl/kl§ sf]l/8f]/sf] leQfsf] vf]kfdf >L # h+uaxfb'/sf] lkQnsf] ;fgf] d"lt{ Wofgd'b|fdf k|lt:yflkt ul/Psf] 5 . >L s'nb]jLsf] dlGb/sf] 9f]sf dfly wft'sf] c08fsf/ kf6Ldf >L b]j zdz]/n] rfFbLsf] 9f]sf r9fPsf] pNn]v 5 . To:t}, >L Oi6b]jLsf] dlGb/sf] 9f]sf dfly wft'sf] c08fsf/ kf6Ldf >L kB hËn] rfFbLsf] 9f]sf r9fPsf] pNn]v 5 .

dlGb/sf] blIf0f k|fË0fdf b'n{e x'Fb} uPsf] knf;, rfFk, zdL / s/jL/ h:tf j[Ifx? /f]lkPsf 5g\ .

kf~rfogsf] d"n 9f]sfaf6 aflx/ lg:sbf bflxg]kl§ 3f6df lht]Zj/ dxfb]jsf] dlGb/ / ;Fu} lji0f'kfb'sfsf] klg :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5 .

s'Fj/ afng/l;+xsf] kfnfb]lv, /f0ffx?sf] s'nu'? g/f]Qd clwsf/L / pxfFsf] kl/jf/sf] s'nb]jtfsf] b]jfnL k"hf klg a}zfv z'Sn k"l0f{dfs} lbg kg]{ x'Fbf /f0ffx?sf] b]jfnLsf] k"hfdf s'nu'?sf] pkl:ytLsf] clgjfo{tfn] ubf{ hf]/ jif{ g/f]Qdsf ;Gtfg / a]hf]/ jif{ /f0ffx?sf] b]jfnL dgfpg] rng rln cfPsf] 5 .

b]jfnLsf lbg k"hf z'? x'g cl3 cfrfo{  j/0fkZrft\ s'nb]jLsf] k"hf ul/G5 . cfrfo{ j/0f ug]{ lhDd]jf/L /f0ffhLx?n] klxn]b]lv dflg cfPsf] d"n3/sf] h]i7 ;Gtfgn] lgjf{x ub{5g\ / d"n3/sf] k"hf ;fdfg tyf alnnfO{ k|fyldstf lbO{ b]jfnL k"hf ug]{ k|rng 5 / To:t} ;dfkg sflgi6 s'Fj/ /f0ff kl/jf/sf aln kZrft dfq s'nu'?af6 jL/eb|]Zj/sf] aln ;lxtsf] k"hf u/L lj;{hg ul/G5 .

k|lti7flkt b]j, b]jLx?sf] lgTo k"hf / b]jfnL k"hfsf] cltl/Qm kf~rfog dlGb/df s[i0ffi6dLsf lbg s[i0fk"hf / v6ofqf, gj/flq k"hf, >Lk+rdL k"hf, lzj/flq k"hf, lgzfg k"hf / jflif{sL k"hf ;d]t ul/G5 . lognfO{ kj{ k"hfx? elgG5 .

kf~rfog b]jn :yfkgf x'g cl3 sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf a;f]af; ug]{ s'Fj/x?n] uX]Zj/L dlGb/ k|j]z4f/sf] afFof kl§sf] jfudlt lsgf/df :yflt afnflqk'/f;'Gb/Lsf] d'lt{nfO{ k"hf u/L b]jfnL dgfpg] k|rng ePsf]df kf~rfogdf b]jfnLsf] k"hf x'g] ePkl5 ;f] afnlqk'/f;'Gb/Lsf] k"hf / dlGb/sf] /]vb]vdf sdL x'Fb} cfPsf] dx;'; u/L ;ldltsf] kxnaf6 dlGb/sf] hL0ff]{4f/ tyf lgTo k"hfsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .

s'Fj/ /f0ff kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?n] Clifk~rdLsf] lbgsf] k|ftM :gfg kf}if dlxgfsf] cfOtaf/df :gfg / ;"o{ tyf rGb|u|x0f rf]Vofpg] :gfg, lsl/of a:bfsf] b}lgs :gfgf OToflb o;} kf~rfog3f6df ug]{ / dlGb/df b]jb]jLx?sf] bz{g u/L kms{g] k/Dk/f lyof]  . :gfg ubf{ km]g]{ n'uf /fVg] u'dh kf~rfog3f6sf] kvf{ndf agfOPsf lyP / cBlk eUgfjz]ifsf] ?kdf b]lvG5g\ . jfudltsf] k|b'if0f  / kf~rfog3f6sf] cltqmd0f / ljgfzsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ o;/L :gfg ug]{ k|rng nf]k x'g uPsf] 5 .

sfnfGt/df s'Fj/ /f0ffx?sf] ;+Vof a9\b} uPsf] / b]jfnLdf ;a}n] kfnsf] aGbfa:t ug{ g;Sg] ;d:ofsf] ;dfwgsf nflu >L # dxf/fh h'4 zdz]/af6 kf~rfogsf] xftleq @) sjn] 6x/f lgdf{0f ePsf] lyof] . b]jfnLsf] ;dodf pQm 6x/fsf sf]7fx? pkof]u ul/G5 .

k"hfx?sf] vr{sf nflu /flvPsf u'7LhUufsf] cfDbfgLsf] ;'kl/rfng geO{ k"hfsf] nflu u'7L ;+:yfaf6 pknAw vr{ clt Go"g ePsf], k'hf/L tyf ;';f/]x?sf] To;a]nf tf]lsPsf] vfGuL ckof{Kt ePsf] / b]jnsf] ;+/If0f, dd{t, ;+ef/df u'7L ;+:yfgsf] a]jf:tfaf6 b'O{k6s d'lt{x? rf]/L ePsf], kf~rfog b]jnsf] ef}lts cj:yf hL0f{ x'Fb} uPsf] tyf b}lgs / kj{ k"hfx? ;d]t ;'rf? ?kn] grn]sf] cg'ej u/L @)$* ;fndf kf~rfog b]jnsf] ;'Joj:yf ug{ ;+:yfut?kdf cufl8 a9\g' cfjZosb]lv hugGb k|sfz]Zj/ tyf kf~rfog ;+/If0f ;ldlt u7g ul/of] . ;ldltsf] ljwfg th'{df u/L @)$* ;fndf sf7df8f}+ k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L sfof{nodf ljlwjt btf{ u/fOof] .

Joj:yfksLo cg'ejsf] cfwf/df ;ldltsf] sfd sf/jfxL ;+rfng ug{ ;ldltsf] ljwfg cg';f/ sfo{;ldltsf ;b :ox? lgjf{lrt ePsf 5g\ . cBlk ( ;fwf/0f ;efx? ;DkGg e};s]sf 5g\ . ;fwf/0f ;efn] lgo'Qm u/]sf] n]vfk/LIfsaf6 cfly{s jif{x?sf] cfo Joosf] lx;fa hfFrL k|dfl0ft ul/Psf 5g\ / k"hfsf] /]vb]v ug{, dlGb/ sDkfp08sf] ;+/If0f ug{ tyf dd{t ;+ef/, lgdf{0fsf sfdx? ug{ kf~rfog xftfleq} xf]d rf]sdf ;ldltsf] sfof{no :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5 .

k"hf -lgTo / kj{_ cIfosf]if, afnflqk'/f;'Gb/L k"hf cIfosf]if :yflkt ul/Psf 5g\ . oL cIfosf]ifx?df hDdf ePsf /sd ?=#),#*,(($.@( -cIf/]kL ?= tL; nfv, c7tL; xhf/, gf} ;o, rf}/fgAa] / pgfgtL; k};f_ a}+s tyf ljQ sDkgLx?df d'2tL vftfdf nufgL ul/Psf 5g\ . s'naGw'x?sf] k|z+;gLo cfly{s ;xof]usf nflu ;ldlt cfef/L 5 . cIfosf]ifx?sf] lj:t[t ljj/0f cg';"rL # df lbOPsf] 5 .

Joj:yfkg

lj=;+= @)!% ;fn;Dd kf~rfog dlGb/sf] Joj:yf >L # ;/sf/ u'7L c8\8faf6 x'GYof]  . To;} ;fn gLlh u'7Lx?/fli6«os/0f eO{ /fhu'7Ldf kl/0ft eP kZrft\ kf~rfogsf] Joj:yfkgsf]] lhDd]jf/L u'7L c8\8fdf / @)@^ ;fnb]lv u'7L  ;+:yfgdf ;g{ uof] .

kf~rfog dlGb/sf] Joj:yfkgsf nflu cfo;|f]t hugGb k|sfz]Zj/ u'7Laf6 pknAw u/fO{GYof] . ;f] u'7L lgs{ ;DkGg dflgGYof] . lznfkqdf pNn]v ul/Psf v]tx? / gubsf]if, >L # dxf/fh h+uaxfb'/af6 u'7LnfO{ pknAw u/fOPsf] lyof] . kl5sf /f0ff k|fOdldlg:6/x?n] klg pkTosf, kfxf8 / dw];df v]t / hUufx? u'7Ldf /fv]sf lyP . u'7Laf6 k|fKt x'g] gub, lhG;L tyf aln lbg] af]sf /fFuf h:tf cfo;|f]taf6 lgTo tyf kj{ k'hfx? ;DkGg ul/GYof] / k'hf/L, ;';f/] tyf kfn]x?sf] vfGsL Joxf]l/GYof] .

sfnfGt/df u'7L ;+:yfhsf :jfyL{ tTjx?sf] ldnf]dtf]af6 u'7Ldf /flvPsf v]tLhUufx? Go"gtd d"Nodf a]rlavg ul/of] / k|fKt /sdsf] Aofhaf6 b]jLb]jtfx?sf] k"hfsf nflu cfjZos vr{x? Joxf]g{ g;Sg] l:ytL x'g k'Uof] . pbfx/0fdf kf~rfogsf b]jLb]jtfx?sf] lgTo k"hfsf nflu /f]hsf] dfq ?=!=^% sf b/n] u'7L ;+:yfgaf6 /sd k|fKt x'g yfNof] . u'7L hUufsf df]xLx?n] af]sf, /fFuf / lhG;L a'emfpg 5f8] . rf/hjfg kfn]x?sf] vfGsL Joxf]g{ g;sL u'7L ;+:yfgn] ;';f/]x?n] klg k"hf tyf ;';f/]sf]] sfd emf/f6/fO lsl;dn] ug{ yfn] . klxn] cfpg] u/]sf s'rLsf/, dfnL / ehlgofx? klg j]kQf eP .

o:tf] bogLo Joj:yfkgnfO{ ;'wfg{ ;+/If0f ;ldltn] cIfosf]ifx? v8f u/L ljlwjt lgTo tyf kj{ k"hf ug]{, dlGb/ sfof{no ;+rfng ug]{ / dlGb/ ejgx? tyf jl/;/sf] dd{t ;+ef/ ug]{ Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . clkm; ;+rfng cIfosf]ifsf] Aofh cfDbfgLaf6 / 3/ef8faf6 dlGb/ Ogrfh{, cflz+s ;do sfd ug]{ n]vfkfn tyf sfof{no ;xfos / b'O{ kfn]sf] tna Joxf]g]{ ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy}, jfudlt lsgf/sf] d"n9f]sfsf] bfFof–afofFkl§sf b'O{ kf6Ldf ljgf3/ef8f ljZj;gLo kl/jf/nfO{ a:g tLgaf6 3f6sf lht]Zj/ dxfb]j dlGb/ lji0f'kfb'sfsf] /vjf/L ug]{ / dlGb/rf]s tyf k"hfrf]ssf] lgTo ;/;kmfO{ u/fpg] Joj:yf ldnfO{Psf] 5 .

k"hf cIfosf]ifx?sf] Aofh cfGbfgLaf6 kf~rfog dlGb/df cjl:yt b]jL b]jtfx?, u'X]Zj/L3f6df cjl:yt afnflqk'/f;'Gb/Lsf] lgTok"hf tyf ljleGg kj{k"hfx? oyf]lrt 9+uaf6 ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfO{Psf] 5 . s'naGw'x?n] kf~rfog dlGb/d} gj/flq bz}+k"hf ubf{ a'emfpg' kg]{ z'Nssf] *) k|ltzt lx:;f k'hf/Lx?nfO{ lbg]u/L pgLx?sf] cfDbfgL a9fpg] k|of; ul/Psf] 5 .

dd{t;+ef/ cIfosf]ifsf] cfDbfgL Go"g ePsfn] o;af6 dfq 6fn6'nsf] vr{ Joxf]g{ k'U5 . dlGb/sf] hL0ff]{4f/ ug{ / b]jfnLsf  nflu /+u/f]ug ug{ s'naGw'x?sf] cg'bfg ;xof]u lng] ul/Psf] 5 .

;f/f+zdf, cfly{s l:yltsf] ;dLIff ubf{ sfof{no ;+rfng cIfosf]if / dd{t ;+ef/ cIfosf]ifdf ?=%÷% nfv yk /sd cg'bfg ;xof]u k|fKt ePdf kf~rfogsf nflu cfly{s ;|f]t s]xL jif{;Ddsf nflu kof{Kt x'g] b]lvG5 .

ljwfg

>L hugGb k|sfz]Zj/ tyf kf~rfog ;+/If0f ;ldltsf] ljwfg # k6s ;+zf]wg eO{;s]sf] 5 . xfn;Ddsf] cg'ej / jbln+bf] ;fdflhs dfGotfnfO{ dgg u/L xfnsf] k|:tfljt ;+zf]wgdf s'naGw'x?sf Psf3/sf !* jif{ k'uL cljjflxtf /lx cfPsf dlxnfx? klg ;ldltsf] ;b:o aGg of]Uo x'g]5g\ eGg] k|fjwfg /flvPsf] 5 .

Psk6s ?= % xhf/ a'emfpg] s'naGw'x? cfhLjg ;b:o x'g]5g\ . Psk6s ?= @) xhf/b]lv ?= $(,(((÷– ;Dd a'emfpg] s'naGw'x? ozis/ cfhLjg ;b:o  x'g]5g\ . Psk6s ?= %) xhf/ jf ;f]eGbf a9L a'emfpg] s'naGw'x? >]ois/ cfhLjg ;b:o x'g]5g\ . cfhLjg ozis/ / >]ois/ ;b:ox?sf] gfd kf~rfog dlGb/sf] blIf0f rkm{ lznfn]vdf n]v  /flvg] Joj:yf ;d]t ul/Psf] 5 . ;ldltn] a]nfa]nfdf tf]s]sf] jflif{s z'Ns a'emfpg] s'naGw'x? ;fwf/0f ;b:o x'g]5g\ .

cGo pNn]vgLo ljwfg ;DalGw a'Fbfx?sf] xsdf j+zfg'qmdg';f/ d"n3/sf] >i]7 ;Gtfg ;fdfGotof cWoIf x'g]5  / pxfFsf] cWoIftfdf ;b:o s'naGw'dWo]af6 ;se/ ;a} kl/jf/sf] k|ltgLlwTj x'g] u/L ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 lgjf{lrt ( hgfsf] sfo{;ldlt u7g ul/g]5 . s'naGw'x?sf] ;a} kl/jf/x?sf] k|ltgLlwTj u/fpg ;ldltn] ^ hgf;Dd yk s'naGw'x? sfo{;ldlt ;b:osf nflu dgf]lgt ug{ ;Sg]5 . d"n3/sf] h]i7 ;Gtfg cWoIf x'g grfx]df d"n3/ kl/jf/dWo]af6 rog u/]sf] ;Gtlt cWoIf x'g]5 .

;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx?df cWoIf, pkfWoIf, sf]iffWoIf, ;b:o–;lrj / ;b:o ;x;lrj /xg]5g\ .

k|To]s jif{ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[ltk|fKt n]vfk/LIfsaf6 ;ldltsf] cfo–Joosf] n]vfkl/If0f u/fO{g] 5 .

;fwf/0f ;efsf] Joj:yf 5 . ;ldltsf] s'g} kbflwsf/L jf ;b:opk/ cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj Nofpg rfx]df ;ldltdfkm{t ;fwf/0f ;efdf k]z u/L ;b:ox?sf] b'O{ltxfO{ dtn] kfl/t x'g'kg]{ 5 . t/, ;kmfO{sf] df}sfaf6 eg] jl~rt u/fO{g] 5}g .

;ldltsf] ljwfg ;+zf]wg ug{ cfjZos k/]df ;fwf/0f ;efsf] ;b:o ;+Vofsf] b'O{ltxfO{ dtn] kfl/t u/L :yfgLo clwsf/Lsf] :jLs[lt lng'kg]{ 5 .